SIT
Silent Infarct Transfusion Study
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Status:
Trial began in December of 2004 and is currently recruting patients. We currently have enrolled and screened ~1100 and randomized 165. The study is scheduled to close enrollment November 30, 2009.
Purpose:
To determine whether blood transfusion therapy will decrease further neurologic morbidity in children with silent cerebral infarcts, and if so, the magnitude of this benefit.
Interventions:
Transfusion
Blood exchange for stroke prophylaxis in sickle cell anemia
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Location(s):
Canada, France, United Kingdom & United States
Year Started:
2004
Design:
Treatment, randomized, efficacy study.
Inclusion Criteria
(1) Patient must have sickle cell anemia (hemoglobin SS) or sickle beta thalassemia (hemoglobin SB) as confirmed at the local institution. (2) Participating institutions must submit documentation of the diagnostic hemoglobin analysis to the Statistical and Clinical Coordinating Centers to confirm the diagnosis of sickle cell anemia prior to randomization. (3) Patient must be 5 through 14 years of age. (4) Patient must have a cerebral infarct documented by MRI scan as read by the neuroradiology panel. (5) Informed consent with assent in accordance with the institutional policies (institutional IRB approval) and Federal guidelines (approved by the United States Department of Health and Human Services) must be signed by the patient's legally authorized guardian acknowledging written consent to join the study. When suitable, patients will be requested to give their assent to join the study.
Exclusion Criteria
(1) Patient with a history of a focal neurologic event lasting more than 24 hours with medical documentation or a history of prior overt stroke. (2) Patients with a transcranial doppler (TCD) study with a time-averaged mean velocity greater than 200 cm/sec verified by the study radiologist. (3) Patients with other neurological problems, such as neurofibromatosis, lead poisoning, or tuberous sclerosis. (4) Patients with HIV infection.
Pregnancy. (5) Patients who received treatment with anti-sickling drugs or hydroxyurea within 3 months or anticipate receiving anti-sickling drugs or hydroxyurea during the course of the study. (6) Abnormal kidney function (creatinine > 2x upper limit of normal). (7) Patients on chronic blood transfusion therapy for other reasons. (8) Patients judged not likely to be compliant by his/her hematologist and local nurse coordinator based on previous compliance in clinic appointments and following advice. (9) Specifically, families that have missed at least two appointments without notification within 12 months prior to the trial or parents of potential patients that have been reported for medical or education neglect are not eligible for this trial. (10) Patients unable to receive blood transfusion because of alloimmunization. (11) Patients with permanent or semi-permanent metallic (braces on teeth) structures attached to their body. (12) Such patients cannot obtain a MRI of the head to assess the presence of silent cerebral infarcts. (13) Siblings randomized in the trial.
Patient Involvement:
Participants will be randomly assigned to one of 2 groups-the blood transfusion group or the observation group. Those in the blood transfusion group will receive at least monthly blood transfusion therapy. Participants receive a MRI at study entry and study exit. They also receive neurology examinations at study entry, annually and study exit. Cognitive testing is performed at study entry, 12-18 months and at study exit. All patient have a history taken monthly and a physical completed every 3 months while on study.
Primary Outcome:
History and physical examinations, MRI.
Source of Information:
Trial Web site, ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Web Links and Publications:
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This information last updated on: 6/8/2010
Reviewed on: 11/06/2009.
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